Die Frühsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME), auch Zeckenenzephalitis genannt, ist eine durch Zecken übertragbare Virus-Erkrankung. Doch anders als der Name vermuten lässt, tritt sie mittlerweile nicht mehr nur im Frühjahr und Sommer auf, da Zecken bereits ab einer Temperatur von 5 Grad Celsius aktiv werden. FSME kann mit einer fieberhaften Erkrankung unter Beteiligung der Hirnhäute (Hirnhautentzündung, Meningitis) einhergehen. Wenn die Infektion von den peripheren Organen auf das zentrale Nervensystem übergreift, sind schwere Verlaufsformen möglich. Ist die Erkrankung einmal ausgebrochen, gibt es keine ursächliche Therapie. Umso wichtiger ist daher ein wirksamer Impfschutz, durch den ein Ausbruch von vornherein verhindert werden kann.
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